Overview
Astrocytes are specialized glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and are involved in a number of physiological processes. They have been shown to play a role in protecting neurons from oxidative stress through the expression of multiple antioxidant enzymes. Astrocyte antioxidant systems are important necessary for preventing the damage caused by free radicals, which are reactive molecules that can cause tissue damage. Antioxidants within astrocyte systems scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thus preserving the health of the CNS. Astrocyte antioxidant systems have been found to be critical for neuronal health, being a major contributor to the protection of neurons from oxidative stress and the ensuing risk of injury. Additionally, astrocyte antioxidant systems are believed to play roles in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease. Understanding the roles of astrocyte antioxidant systems can provide insights into the physiological changes involved in these diseases and present possible therapeutic strategies.