Thyroid function refers to the physiological activity of the thyroid gland in synthesizing, storing, and secreting the iodothyronine hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate basal metabolic rate, thermogenesis, cardiac output, growth, and neurodevelopment. Hormone production depends on dieta…
Thyroid function refers to the physiological activity of the thyroid gland in synthesizing, storing, and secreting the iodothyronine hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate basal metabolic rate, thermogenesis, cardiac output, growth, and neurodevelopment. Hormone production depends on dietary iodine, thyroglobulin, and thyroid peroxidase, and is governed by negative feedback through the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, with thyrotropin (TSH) driving uptake and synthesis. Function is assessed biochemically by measuring TSH and free thyroid hormones, supplemented by autoantibodies and imaging when structural disease is suspected. Disturbances manifest as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, and thyroid hormone status interacts with numerous systems: it is frequently deranged in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease, influences adipose tissue and body weight in obesity, and can be perturbed by iodinated radiographic contrast agents. The molecular control of thyroid cells, including the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 in proliferation, links normal function to neoplastic transformation, and trace-element composition of thyroid tissue informs the distinction between benign and malignant nodules. Image-guided ablation and surgical or oncologic treatment can alter functional reserve. The journal publishes peer-reviewed research on thyroid physiology, function testing, and the systemic and oncologic conditions that affect thyroid hormone regulation.
12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 12 articles above have been cited 52 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Thyroid Function, linking to each citing work.