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Feb 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.3066-8042.jac-17-1843
Mackenzie GenevieveCorresponding author
ADHD and Literacy Lab, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education
Children and youth with ADHD are a vulnerable group susceptible to adversity in wide-ranging life domains. However, many children and youth, irrespective of having ADHD become successful both academically andinterpersonally, and improve their cognition. This group can be considered as being “resilient”, that is, adapting to the adversity they may face in a positive manner. The overarching goal of this paper is to highlight domains at the academic, interpersonal and cognition levels that are indicative of resiliency among children and youth with ADHD. The secondary goal is to highlight interventions that result in promoting resiliency among this group at these levels. It is necessary for future interventions to be designed and implemented with developing the resiliency of children and youth with ADHD in mind. To achieve this, research needs to begin to identify the strengths of children and youth with ADHD to provide insight into how their strengths can compensate for their weaknesses, and to promote their resiliency leading to success academically, interpersonally and cognitively.
Jan 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2476-1710.jdt-16-1306
Lapierre SylvieCorresponding author
Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières.University of Montreal.
Background. Suicide prevention programs centred on reinforcing protective factors are uncommon. Aims. Since leading a meaningful life is incompatible with suicide, a 14-week program designed to help participants realize meaningful personal goals was created to improve the psychological well-being (PWB) of depressed older adults (≥ 65 years). Method. Persons scoring 9 or above on the Beck Depression Inventory- II (M = 22.05) took part in the program (n = 24). Their levels of PWB, depression, and suicidal thoughts were compared to those of a control group (n = 18). The questionnaires were completed three times: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up (six months later). Results. Analyses showed that the program participants improved significantly on most indicators of wellbeing, including suicidal ideation, indicating that increasing protective factors could be an innovative way to prevent suicidal ideation. However, the changes were not significantly higher than those observed in the control group, except for meaning in life. Conclusions. The absence of difference between groups was partly justified by unexplained improvements of controls between post-test and follow-up. Future studies should develop suicide prevention program thatincrease protective factors that provide individuals with means to achieve an optimal state of functioning.
Aug 2016 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-7785.jarh-16-1104
M. DiMura MS PhilipCorresponding author
Lifestyle modification has been shown to improve cardiovascular health. This cross-sectional study investigated the association of number of healthy lifestyle behaviors with hypertension across racial/ethnic categories using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010. The study population consisted of 4,363 individuals aged 40 years or older. Low risk lifestyle behaviors were assessed to obtain a health behavior score ranging from 0 to 5. Hypertension was defined based on average blood pressure measurements or current use of antihypertensive medication. The overall hypertension prevalence was 41%, with the highest prevalence in blacks (54%) and lowest in Mexican Americans (35%). Based on multivariable-adjusted logistic regression the odds of hypertension were significantly lower for whites with 3 (OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.40, 0.77) and 4-5 (OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.80) healthy lifestyle behaviors, and for blacks who had 4-5 (OR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.72) vs. 0-1 healthy lifestyle behaviors. There was no statistically significant association between number of healthy lifestyle behaviors and odds of hypertension in Mexican Americans. These results suggest that healthy lifestyle behaviors are associated with lower prevalence of hypertension in whites and blacks, but additional research is needed to identify protective factors for Mexican Americans.