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Dec 2015 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-7061.jcrc-15-661
Following multivisceral pelvic resections, the pelvis and perineum are often reconstructed using myocutaneous flaps. Abdominal wall defects after harvesting rectus abdominis flaps can be reinforced with mesh. Primary reconstruction using synthetic mesh was presently evaluated. Fifty-eight patients who underwent multivisceral pelvic resection and perineal reconstruction with a vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap, January 2004 to February 2014, were retrospectively reviewed. The abdominal wall was reinforced in 26. Demographics, treatment procedures, surgical procedures, length of hospital and ICU stay, early and late morbidity at the recipient and donor sites were recorded. Patients with mesh reinforcement were significantly younger than those without. There were no further significant differences in patient demographics or treatment procedures between the two groups. In 31% of the patients with mesh, surgery was performed on two consecutive days, although total operating time did not differ significantly. Patients without mesh bled more. Surgery was associated with considerable morbidity, without significant differences in overall complication rate between the two groups. At the recipient site, wound infection/dehiscence was the most common early complication. The group with mesh had higher rate of total flap necrosis necessitating re-operation. At the donor site, wound infection /dehiscence, hernia, or bulge were recorded. Patients with mesh had lower rates of donor site morbidity. Perineal reconstruction with VRAM flap and primary abdominal wall reinforcement with mesh is feasible after multivisceral resection. Our study indicates that primary use of mesh can be applied in potentially contaminated surgical fields in oncologic patients without increasing morbidity and with improved long-term cosmetic results.
Jun 2023 DOI 10.14302/issn.2694-2275.jzr-23-4483
An ecological study on diurnal mammals was carried out in Bayo Community Managed Forest located in Salamago Woreda, South Omo Zone. The objective of the study was to investigate the distribution and conservation challenges of diurnal large mammals in the study area. Based on the habitat type and topography of the study area, total of 11 transect, i.e 7 in forestland, and 4 in Wooded Grassland were laid to collect the data. Besides direct methods, indirect methods such as faecal droppings, fresh tracks, carcass or shell count, den (burrow), hair, and digging were used. Questionnaire and focus group discussions were also used to assess anthropogenic threats in the study area. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, SPSS and QGIS software. A total of 20 species of diurnal large mammals belonging to six orders and eight families were identified. The species identified were Cercopithecus pygerythrus, Cercopithecus aethiops, Papio anubis, Erytherocebus patas, Cercopitheus neglectus, Colobus guereza, Equus quagga, Traglaphus strepsiceros, Traglaphus imberbis, Traglaphus scriptus, Medagua guentheri, Sylvicapra grimma, Kobus ellipsiprymnus defessa, Syncerrus caffer, Potamochoerus larvatus, Phacochoerus africanus, Hylochoerus meinertzhageni, Hystrix cristata, Orycteropus afer, and Phataginus temminckii smutus. Seasonal variation in the between habitat types (χ2 = 4.849, df= 1, p<0.05). Totally, 685 and 600 mammals were counted during wet and dry seasons, respectively. On habitat basis, 683 and 602 animals were recorded in forestland and wooded grassland habitats, respectively. Major threats in the study area include poaching, fire, grazing, fuelwood extraction, population growth, habitat modification, overharvesting of resources and invasive species. About 98.44% of respondents had a positive attitude towards Bayo Community Managed Forest. The interference of local community has had the impact on mammal’s species. Habitat based mammals’ management involving participation of Woreda and Zonal Government is recommended for sustainable. The local government should promote the study area and provide appropriate support for its conservation.
Oct 2019 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-19-3015
Monsoon rains provide relief from the sweltering summer heat conditions, replenish depleted profile moisture to breathe new life in soils. With appropriate management of rain water, Indian summer monsoons boost the level of ‘reservoir of life’. Our inability to manage spatial and temporal rainfall variation features of deficit and excess rainfall episodes and their interactions with soil variability is a major cause of uncertainty in agricultural production. In the past, entire focus of national efforts was on rainwater harvesting, storage and distribution through canal networks and greater reliance on ground water pumping to meet immediate crop water demands. These approaches have resulted in wide spread problems of natural resource fatigue and unsustainable water supplies. This paper analyses the complexities of climate change-land degradation-food security nexus and suggests the need for adopting alternate approaches emphasising on in situ conservation of rain water and its efficient use such as to reverse the processes that contribute to land degradation in specific landscapes.
Oct 2018 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-18-2331
This study reviews the agricultural development perspective in the light of a rapid space technology development. In other words, precision agriculture as part of geoinformatics. The aim is to quantify whether the adopted technology can improve the efficiency of agricultural fields management and production to attain food security. Therefore, views of targeted groups from different States of Sudan were investigated, using stratified sampling method. Where quantitative statistics (descriptive/inductive techniques) was applied. About 800 questionnaires were distributed. The outcomes of data analysis reflected that the majority of interviewed groups 357 (82.1%) do not know the principles and application of integrated technology in the field of agricultural management. 85.3% of respondents know nothing about computer program related to precision agriculture. The majority of the respondents (84.6 %), did not get courses on precision agriculture during the under graduate study. The result also revealed that only 11.8% of the respondents use modern techniques in land preparation, 16.1 % in soil analysis, 12.5 % in the field of seed technology, and 11.4% in crop harvesting. However, 53.9% of the respondents reported that their Departments did not care about training on agricultural precision. Nevertheless, 24.3 % of the respondents got trained on precision agriculture through personal efforts, while about 19% got trained by their respective Departments. In regard to education, 16% of the respondents got trained on precision agriculture at undergraduate and only 9% after graduation. The study concludes that despite the rapid technological development, agriculture in Sudan remained lagging, and the productivity is below the expectation. It recommends that the Ministries of Agriculture in different States in Sudan should take the issue of introduction of new technology seriously to boost the agricultural development to attain food security.