Total number of (200) Juveniles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with an average initial body weight of (3.4±0.01 g), and total length (3.2 ± 0.04 cm) were purchased from private fish farm of Hussein Fadol, Soba West Agriculture Scheme, and transferred to the fisheries laboratory in Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Animal Production Science and Technology, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife using suitable gillnet and distributed into experimental plastic Tanks (Aquarium). Aerators were used for aerating the water of experimental aquaria. The pH, Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature were recorded every day/week, using pH electronic meter (model, No. 201) and thermometer.

Pigeon peas, Wheat bran, Groundnut Cake, sorghum and fishmeal were acquired from halt kuku Market and were manually sorted to remove impurities. The premix (Mineral Mix) was obtained from livestock shop. Manufactured by using electrical balance (Model; 2003, Max; 200g cl; 0.001g, AC; 220W/50HZ, S/N; 11g, SF; 400).

In attempting to remove anti- nutritional factors, seeds were soaked by dipping them in water in plastic container for 24 hours with soaking ratio of 100 g/300 ml (1:3w/v) at room temperature. After soaking, the seeds were oven dried at 60°C overnight. Pigeon peas were milled by using milling machine and stored in name labelled containers prior to analysis.

Chemical composition to determine composition of raw and soaked Pigeon pea seeds was carried out according to standard method adopted by Association of Official Analytical Chemists 5

DM= Dry Matter. CP= Crude Protein. EE= Ether Extract. CF= Crude Fibre.NFE= Nitrogen Free Extract. Moisture content was determined by drying samples in an oven at 70°C for 48 hours. Table 1

Crude protein was determined according to Kjeldah method. Samples were digested in concentrated sulphuric acid by a digester, distillate and titrated to obtained nitrogen. Crude protein was obtained by multiplying nitrogen content with conversion factor of 6.25.

Crude fibrewas determined by digesting a sample with weak base preceded by weak acid. Ankom 220 Fibre analyzer was used to determine the crude fibre.

Crude lipid was determined after soxhlet extraction of dried samples with 1.25% H2SO and 1.25% NaOH Ash content was determined by calcinations method. Samples which were previously oven dried were put in crucible and heat in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 3 hours and then cooled before weighing.

Diets were formulated to replace 0% (control), 25%, 50%, and 75% of fishmeal. And give up to 30% crude protein. During compounding of diets, the weighed proportions of dry milled ingredients were carefully mixed by hand before adding water. The mixture was then passed through meat machine with 0.5 mm sieve size to make pellets. Pellets were then dried by passing in the oven for 6 hours at 40°C and then spread on the floor under room temperature for one week prior to packaging. Composition of experimental Diets (g/100 g diet) is shown in Table 2.

The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD). 120 Nile tilapia fingerlings with initial average body weight and length (3.4±0.01g) and 3.2±0.00 respectively, were randomly distributed in plastic Tanks (Aquarium) with a capacity of 20 litres at a stocking density of 10 Nile tilapia per bucket. Fish were fed four times a day according their appetite; diets were given at periods (8:30, 11:00, 14:00 and 17:00 o clock), at 5% of body weight throughout the experimental period. The quantity of feed was adjusted weekly based on the weight of fish to avoid feed wastage and deterioration of water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen, ammonia, temperature and PH). A Remaining feeds at the end of the week were weighed and used to estimate feed intake.

Fish were weighed prior to the start of each experiment to obtain fish of consistent size and weight. A top pan balance was used in weighing procedures. Fish were acclimated to 6 Experimental environment for 10 days and fed control diet. After the acclimation period fish were netted from each plastic bucket using a fine mesh hand net and total weighed. The dietary treatments were at random assigned to the plastic buckets. Total weighing of experimental fish was done weekly throughout the experiment.

The study lasted for 60 days during which fish were fed the experimental diets containing Pigeon pea seed meal. Parameters measured were bulk initial weight, bulk final weight and feed intake. Etch 10 days weight gain was measured to monitor growth while other parameters were calculated as described below:

Specific growth rate (SGR) (% day (SGR) (% day-1) % = {In Wt₂- In Wt₁/t₂- t₁} × 100

Average Daily weight gain

Average Daily weight gain (ADWG) (day-1) = (Wt₂- Wt₁)/ t.

Where:

Wt₂= final weight (g) at time t₂ (end of experiment)

Wt₁= Initial weight (g) at time t₁ (beginning of experiment) and In = Natural logarithm.

t= time (day)

Feed conversion ratio (FCR) = Weight of food fed (g) /increased weight (g) Feed intake (FI) (g day-1)) = Total feed intake /number of days

Protein productive value (PPV %) = (P2 - PI) ×100 / Protein intake (g)

Where:

P2: Protein content in fish carcass at the end; PI: Protein content at the start.

Survival rate (SR) = {N₂/N₁} × 100

Where:

N₂-Number of fish at the end of the experiment

N₁- Number of fish at the beginning of the experiment .

Data collected from this experiment were subjected to one - way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Comparisons of treatment means were done by LSD Honest at 5% level of significance. Analyses were performed using SPSS software version16.

The study demonstrated that there were significant differences (p≤0.05) in the (WG g/Fish), (DWG g/Fish) and (SGR) of mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) fed on diets with partially replaced by Pigeon pea. The growth parameters were analyzed and presented in Table 3.

Results in Table 4: show that the result of mean ± SD of increment weight of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed on the experimental diet T0, T1, T2 and T3 throughout 60 days the increase in T0 (3.4±0.01 to 8.83±0.44), T1(3.3±0.03 to 9.46±0.33),T2 (3.3±0.05 to 8.10±0.28) and T3 (3.3±0.06 to 7.33±0.44).

Results in Table 5. Indicate that the mean ± SD of feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein productive value, condition factor (K %) and survival rate. The lower significant value of feed intake (The death fish is not lower values of the mortality rate excluded) was (5.88±0.00 and 6.79±0.00) was obtained by fish diet T0 (giving low FCR), and T2 (which gives high FCR). The high (p<0.05) value of the K was (1.89 and 1.46) in T3and T0. The high survival rate was in T2 and T3.

Results in Table 6: indicate that the mean ± SD of feeding regime % for Mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed the experimental diets/ Sample decreasing of feeding intake as feed rate decrease, however the initial highest feed intake was in T2 (13.80 ±0.58) and T0 (13.78 ±1.16), Although they showed the lower percentage at the final feeding

regime T3 (2.50±0.40) and T0 (4.88±0.95) respectively (the differences was due to electricity problems, losing their appetite and at the end the mortality rate increased)Table 6

Results in Table 7: indicated that mean ± SD of the initial length (cm) and final length (cm) of Mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus) fed 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% diets showed no significant differences (P>0.05) initial length and showed the significance (P<0.05) in final length.

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding pigeon pea seeds of four experimental diets (0%, 25%, 50% and 75%) containing socked pigeon peas seed meal, as replacement of fish meal on the growth Performance and carcass composition of Oreochromisniloticus under culture conditions. The different physic-chemical parameters of the surface water were within the accepted range where tilapia can achieve maximum growth 9. They were also comparable with the previous study 18 in Lake Kuriftu. Moreover, no significant variation was detected between the two sites. This suggested that the dietary crude protein does not negatively affect the water quality at experimental scale 2326. most tilapia utilize starch efficiently from 22 to 46% dietary starch while 22% considered as optimum level for juvenile tilapia 34.Processing of Pigeon peas using cold water led to the reduction of nutrients due to Nutritional change which caused losses of water soluble components such as carbohydrates and nitrogen. 33 Detailed decrease in dry matter of beans after soaking. The present result showed the Low crude protein in soaked Pigeon peas than in raw Pigeon peas with agree that was reported by 24 due to leaching during soaking. but contrasting these results is 3 who detailed that protein content of Jack Bean Carnavalia ensiformis Seeds increased from 88-92% after 96 hours of soaking in water. Badifu attributed increased protein when kernels were soaked in cold water for 48 hours. However crude protein obtained in this study was not contrary to results reported by 31 who reported decreased crude protein as a result of soaking sorghum cultivars in cold water. Moreover, processing of Pigeon peas by using cold water led to the reduction of crude lipid. Nevertheless it is within the value reported by 30 when two groups (A and B) of Mucuna seeds were soaked in water for 12 and 24 hours. Low content a of ash in the soaked Pigeon peas could be explained by leaching of minerals despite the fact that it is still within the values reported by 284 studies Pigeon peas are known to contain mineral such Iron, Calcium, Manganese, magnesium and Zinc which tend to dissolve and hence leaching into soaking medium during the whole process of soaking. Results in Table 4.shaw Growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Juvenile fed diets containing soaked Pigeon peas seed meal as replacement of fish meal. The lower significant value of feed intake (5.88±0.00 and 6.79±0.00) was obtained by fish diet T0 (gave low FCR), and T2 (which gave high FCR). The highest (p<0.01) value of the specific growth was (2.93±0.73 and 2.40±0.53) in T0 and T1. The highest survival rate was in T2 and T1. But generally the growth was not optimum in T2 and T3 fed diets containing (50% and 75%) soaked Pigeon peas seed meal. Poor palatability accounts for feed rejection and or poor feed intake. 727 explained that Poor feed intake led to starvation of Chinook salmon fed diets reached in ant nutritional. 18 reported poor intake in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets containing tannin while 6 reported similar phenomenon, which has occurred in common, carps. Results in Table 5. indicated that mean ± SD of the initial length (cm) and final length (cm) of Mono-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus) fed control, 25%, 50% and 75% diets showed no significant differences (P>0.05) initial length and showed the significance (P<0.05) in final length. Fish fed soaked Pigeon peas seed meal 25% diets recorded high growth and feed intake next to those fed the control diet. And significantly different from those fed soaked Pigeon peas seed meal 50% and 75% diets. fish fed diets containing soaked 25% conferred better growth and feed utilization (feed intake) than those fed diets the control diet.