Wastewater treatment is the engineered and biological process of removing physical, chemical, and microbiological contaminants from sewage and industrial effluent so that the resulting water can be safely discharged to the environment or reused. Treatment is typically organised in stages: preliminary and primary tre…
Wastewater treatment is the engineered and biological process of removing physical, chemical, and microbiological contaminants from sewage and industrial effluent so that the resulting water can be safely discharged to the environment or reused. Treatment is typically organised in stages: preliminary and primary treatment remove solids and settleable material; secondary treatment uses biological processes such as activated sludge, aerated lagoons, or biofilm systems in which microbial communities degrade organic matter; and tertiary or advanced treatment targets nutrients, pathogens, and residual contaminants through filtration, disinfection, and chemical or oxidative methods. Performance is judged by parameters such as biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, nutrient load, and pathogen indicators, and the goal is to protect receiving waters, public health, and downstream ecosystems. The articles assembled here address the treatment of dairy-industry wastewater and the design of an aerated lagoon, the application of algae in industrial and biotechnological processes including effluent treatment, and the use of freshwater bivalves and mosquito larvae as bioindicators of water pollution. Related work on leachate ecotoxicology, heavy-metal exposure, and removal of cyanotoxins extends the theme to environmental contamination and remediation. Recurring concerns include treatment-process design, biological and ecological monitoring, removal efficiency, and the management of toxic and emerging contaminants, linking wastewater treatment to environmental engineering and toxicology.
9 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 9 articles above have been cited 360 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Waste Water Treatment, linking to each citing work.